Philo s



P. s. EWINS-- SAP EVAPORATOR.

No. 261,325. l Patented July 18.11882.,

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N. FETERS. PhMvI-ilhugnphnr. Nimm DC.

UNITED STATES i PATENT OFFICE.

PHILO S. EVVINS, OF WEST BERKSHIRE, VERMONT.

SAP-EVA Po RATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 261,325, dated #July 18,1882,

` Application med May-1,1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I,PHILO S. EWINs, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at West Berkshire, in the countyr of Franklin andState of Vermont, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inSap-Evaporators and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the inven- `in sap-evaporators, thepurpose of which is to so direct and utilize the heat necessary tocarry, on the operation of boiling sap as to obtainl a rapid evaporationof the sap with the consumption of a comparatively small quantity offuel; secondly, to cause the heat'andflame to be carried beyond the rearends of the tlues and be directed against the bottom of lthe sap-.heater before entering said hues; thirdly, to

regulate the draft through the return-lines and to enable theSirup-compartment or one or more sections in the evaporating-pan to besufciently protected from the heat when necessary; and, lastly,to cutolf the `products of combustion from the returnfines and cause vthem topass directly into the smoke-box.

To these ends my invention consists of the parts substantially ashereinafter described,

andparticularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

,Figure 1 is longitudinal vertical section of my improved sap-evaporatoron the line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan thereof. Fig. 3 is atransversevertical section on line x a: of Fi g. 2. Fig.

4 is a similar view on line z z of Fig. 2, and Fig. .5 is a transversevertical section on line 'to fw ofFig. 2.

Corresponding parts in the several figures .are indicated by similarletters ot' reference.

In the annexed drawings, A marks afurnace provided with the grates B anddoor G, and

4adaptedtoreceivemyimprovedsap-evaporator, Vwhich rests upon and forms,with the plate I,

to be hereinafter set forth, the top of said furnace.

D represents the levaporating-pan, preferably of a rectangular shape,and divided 1ongitudinally by partitions into a sirup-.compartment, E,and a number of sections, F, having each an internal smoke-flue, G. rlhesmokeflues project in the present instance slightly beyond the front ofthe pan, so as to enter the short connecting pipes h, opening into thesmoke-box H, which latter has a smoke-exit to Vcarry off the products ofcombustion. vThis provision ofthe short connecting-pipes is adapt- 'edto prevent contactV of the smoke-box with the front Wall of theevaporating-pan, to avoid burning or discoloration of the sap containedin said pan, and, further, to provide for the ex,- pansion andcontraction of the pan.

I marks a plate resting on the furnace-walls between the pan and thesmoke-box, to prevent the escape of smoke or flame from the fire-box atthat point.

The smoke-box is providedV with a sliding register-damper, J, arrangedforward of and meeting-pipes h, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 andin section in Fig. 1. When in its normal position the openings in thedamper register with the pipes h, so as not to impede the draft; butwhen drawn out, as shown in Fig. 3, the dampergolers an obstruction tothe free passage of smoke, 85e., fromthe smokeiues to the smoke-box,causing a diminished draft through the hues, while not entirely shuttingoft' the same. A

The smoke-box is further provided with a slide-damper, K, in the bottomthereof, to permit the smoke, &c., to pass from the lire-box, directlyinto the smoke-box, when the returnlu'es Gr are closed, as will be seenh( reinafter.

L marks thev sap-heater, arranged at the back of the evaporating-pan,and of less depth than said pan, so that its bottom will be above'Ft-he"smoke-miese, and provided with a de. pending apron, l, resting onthe furnace-walls,

to inclose the space caused by the difference in depth of the heater andpan. Supported by the walls within this space'is the deflector M, ofless length and width than the heater, to provide an air-space betweenth e three sides m of said deiiector and the depending apron l of theheater. This air-space isprovidedto better retain theheat.

out of contact with the inner ends of the con- The bottom of the deectoris provided with 'l an opening, N, extending across its rear end, and anupturned edge, n, so that as the products of combustion pass along thebottom of the evaporating-pan they will be carried be youd the fines insaid pan, and, entering the opening N, he directed against the bottom ofthe heater, and thence pass into and through the smoke-dues and enterthe smoke-box. By this arrangement of parts the heat will first 1o bedirected where it is most needed-viz., against the bottom of the heater,into which Hows the sap from the holdin g-tank to be heated to or neartheboiling-point before passing into the evaporating-pan.

I5 O marks a damper, made of a longer and shorter section, to cover theends of the smokedues at the rear ofevaporating-pan, the shorter sectionof a length suiiicient to be inserted in an opening provided between theend of the 2o pan andthe depending apron of the heater, so as to closethe end of the flue in the section next the Sirup-compartment, when thelonger section of said damper is projected inwardly from the oppositeside of the pan, by means of a similar opening, to cover the ends of theremaining fines, as clearly indicated in Fig. 5.

This construction is designed to permit the ilue in the last section, orthat next the sirupcompartment, to be closed, when necessary, to

3o prevent the sap in said section from foaming and running over thepartition into the sirupcompartment, while at the same time the freepassage of heat and smoke through the remaining ilues is unobstructed.

When the damper, as a whole, is used, the

products of combustion are prevented from entering the dues, in whichevent, upon opening the damper K iu the smoke-box H, they will pass fromthe fire-box directly into said smoke- 4o box. This is carried out whenit is desired to suspend the boiling operation for a time, or when theboiling is completed, the sap rcmoved, and the heater and pan partiallyfilled with water to prevent damage to the parts 4 5 from heat.

A guard, P, is secured to the inside of the dedector in such manner asto form a V-shaped space iuclosed by the bottom of the heater and thedefieetor, and of a width at its forward or 5o vopen end about equal tothe width of the sirup- 'compartment in the pan, the purpose of which isto protect the rear wall of said Sirup-compartment from the strong heat,and thus prevent any damage to the sirup from scorching.

5 57,, A regulated dow of sap enters the heater at yg, and, down g inthe path indicated by the arrows, because of the partitions extendingfrom the sides with alternate openings at their ends, enters theoutermost section of the evaporat- 6o ing-pan by means of the spout d,when it follows the route shown by the arrows until it flows'through thegatef, as is common in such pans.

Openings are made in the partitions, as

shown at c, Fig. 1, to permit the sap to flow from one section intoanother in the manner described.

The Sirup-compartment may be divided into two parts by the transversepartition provided with the gate c, and the sirup may be emptied 7otherefrom by means of the spout It.

The sap may be entirely discharged from the heater by raising the gateS.

The fines must be kept submerged when boiling sap, and one fine only isarranged in each section to enable the pan to be more easily cleaned andkept in working condition.

It will be seen from the foregoing that the cold sap entering the heateris heated to or near the boiling-point before passing into the 8oevaporating-pan, and after dowing through the several sections it entersas sirup into the sirupcompartment, whence it may -be discharged fromthe spout R; the smoke and heat are first directed against the bottom ofthe heater, and thence passing through the return-fines, are fullyutilized to obtain a speedy reduction of sap to sirup; thesirop-compartment is protected from excessive heat; the draft throughthe returnflues can be easily and effectively 9o regulated; and, lastly,the said dues can he closed and the products of combustion he caused topass directly from the fire into the smoke-box.

Having thus described my inventiomwhat I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, 1s

1. The combination, with a furnace having over its front wall asmoke-box, of an evaporating-pan provided with a number of fines, mo anda sub-chamber or receptacle arranged across its back or rear end, and adeiiector to cause the products of combustion to be carried beyond therear ends of said dues before passing into the same, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with a furnace having over its front wall asmoke-box provided with a smoke-exit, of an evaporating-pau providedwith a number of flues traversing its length, no and having a heater orsub-chamber arranged at its back, and a deiiector to cause the productsof combustion to be carried beyond the rear ends of said dues and bedirected against the bottom ofthe heater or sub-chamber before I r 5entering the flues in said evaporating-pan, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a furnace having over its front wall asmoke-box provided with a sliding register-damper anda smoke-exit, of 12o an evaporating-pan having a number of internal smoke-fines,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with the evaporatingpan, divided longitudinally intothe sirup-com- 125 partment and the sections, the latter provided eachwith an internal smoke-flue, of the damper O, made in two parts, as andfor the purpose set forth.

5. The combination,- with the evaporating- 13o pan, dividedlongitudinally into the Sirup-compartment and the sections, the latterprovided each with au internal smoke-Hue, of the guard P, as and for thepurpose set forth.

5 6. The evaporating-pan, divided longitudinally into the sirupcompartment, provided with the gate f, and the sections F, having theopenings c, and the sap-heater, arranged transa versely at the back ofthe evaporating-pan,

and provided with the spout d and gate S, in :o combination,substantially as shown 'and described.

ln testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

PHILO SEN IGA EWINS. Witnesses:

HENRY LADD, M. B. MARSH.

